ABSTRACT Background Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is a lethal regional progression in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Treatment with complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) achieves better local control than systemic palliative chemotherapy. Objectives To assess the efficacy on the prognosis of CRS and HIPEC compared with CRS only and to identify possible clinicopathological factors associated with the recurrence of PC. Methods The present retrospective study included all colorectal carcinoma cases with PC subjected to CRS with or without HIPC from January 2009 to June 2018 at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. The outcome is evaluated in terms of recurrence-free survival (RFS) and its predictors. Results Out of the 61 patients, 45 patients (73.8%) underwent CRS plus HIPEC, and 16 (26.2%) underwent CRS alone. The 1-year RFS was 55.7%, with a median of 12 months. The risk factors for recurrence identified in the univariate analysis were T4 primary tumor, high-grade, positive lymphovascular invasion (LVI), positive extracapsular nodal spread, and patients treated with CRS only, without HIPEC. In the multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors for recurrence were high grade and patients treated with CRS only. Conclusion T4 primary tumor, high grade, positive LVI, and positive extracapsular nodal spread seemed to be important predictors of recurrence following the treatment of PC. Our study also demonstrated that the addition of HIPEC to CRS improved the RFS.

Resumo O objetivo principal deste artigo é estudar analiticamente o comportamento de pilares esbeltos de concreto armado em estruturas deslocáveis e não deslocáveis. As variáveis estudadas foram a rigidez da viga conectada aos pilares esbeltos, a rigidez dos pilares de contraventamento e o número de vãos e andares no modelo de estrutura. A estabilidade de pilares esbeltos foi estudada e os limites exigidos para o contraventamento lateral foram determinados usando um programa de elementos finitos para realizar análise limite de flambagem, análise linear, e análise não linear geométrica para os diferentes modelos estruturais de pórticos. Todos os resultados obtidos neste estudo foram comparados com os métodos disponíveis incluídos nas diferentes normas de construção civil e os métodos sugeridos por outros pesquisadores. Os resultados indicaram que o valor mínimo do limite de contraventamento, necessário para restringir o pilar esbelto contra a deslocabilidade lateral, depende da rigidez das vigas de conexão, número de andares e número de vãos. O limite de contraventamento necessário diminui com o aumento da rigidez da viga e com o aumento do número de vãos. No entanto, o limite de contraventamento necessário aumenta com o aumento do número de andares na estrutura.

Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to study analytically the behavior of slender reinforced concrete columns existing in sway and non-sway structures. The studied variables were the stiffness of the beam connected to the slender columns, the stiffness of the bracing columns, and the number of bays and stories in the structure model. The stability of slender columns was studied and the required limits for the lateral bracing were determined using a finite element program to perform buckling analysis, linear analysis, and geometric nonlinear analysis for the different frame structural models. All the results obtained in this study were compared to the available methods included in the different building codes and the methods suggested by other researchers. The results indicated that the minimum value of the bracing limit, required to restrain the slender column against the side-sway, depends on the stiffness of the connecting beams, number of stories, and number of bays. The required bracing limit decreases with increasing the beam stiffness and with increasing the number of bays. However, the required bracing limit increases with the increase of the number of stories in the structure.

SUMMARY: This research was to examine the histological and ultrastructural characteristics of prepuce samples, as well as vimentin and S100 protein localization and statistical analysis. Urologists have long struggled with the prepuce, which is used to treat a variety of urethral problems. Skin biopsies were collected from the prepuce at the moment of circumcision and processed for light microscopy, electron microscope examination, immunohistochemical techniques, and statistical analysis in a total of six boys. Histologically, the prepuce epidermis displayed focal spiky ridges, which are saw-toothed interspersed with sulci, slight hyperpigmentation, looser connective tissue and plentiful vascular components. Immunohistochemically, the existence of melanocytes and Langerhans cells in the epidermis, as well as smooth muscles in the dermis, was stained positively for vimentin. Also, there was a positive reactivity of the Langerhans cells in the epidermis and around Meissner's corpuscles in the dermis for S100 protein staining. Ultrastructurally, the prepuce's intercellular gaps were widened, melanocytes rested on a folded basement membrane, and desmosomal content was reduced, with a prominent active euchromatic nucleus. Cytoplasmic projections were distended and elongated, and the interstitial blood vessels were surrounded by endothelial cells and rested on a basement membrane. There were also minimal collagen fibers in the interstitium. The prepuce's histological and ultrastructural features, as well as immunohistological studies using vimentin and S100 protein as intermediate filaments and statistical analysis, all demonstrated that it is a useful scientific resource.

RESUMEN: El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó para examinar las características histológicas y ultraestructurales de las muestras de prepucio, así como la localización y el análisis estadístico de la vimentina y la proteína S100. Los urólogos han intentado trabajar durante mucho tiempo con el prepucio, que se usa para tratar una variedad de problemas uretrales. Se recolectaron biopsias de piel del prepucio de seis niños en el momento de la circuncisión y se procesaron para microscopía óptica, examen con microscopio electrónico, técnicas inmunohistoquímicas y análisis estadístico. Histológicamente, la epidermis del prepucio mostraba crestas puntiagudas focales, intercaladas con surcos, hiperpigmentación leve, tejido conectivo más laxo y abundantes componentes vasculares. Inmunohistoquímicamente, la existencia de melanocitos y células dendríticas epidérmicas (células de Langerhans), así como músculo liso en la dermis, se tiñeron positivamente para vimentina. Además, hubo una reactividad positiva de las células dendríticas epidérmicas en la epidermis y alrededor de los corpúsculos del tacto (de Meissner) en la dermis para la tinción de la proteína S100. Ultraestructuralmente, los espacios intercelulares del prepucio se ensancharon, los melanocitos descansaban sobre una membrana basal plegada y el contenido desmosómico se redujo, con un núcleo eucromático activo prominente. Las proyecciones citoplasmáticas estaban distendidas y alargadas, y los vasos sanguíneos intersticiales estaban rodeados por células endoteliales y descansaban sobre una membrana basal. También había fibras de colágeno mínimas en el intersticio. Las características histológicas y ultraestructurales del prepucio, así como los estudios inmunohistológicos utilizando vimentina y proteína S100 como filamentos intermedios y el análisis estadístico, demostraron que es un recurso científico útil.

ABSTRACT A new xanthone: mangostanaxanthone VIIII [1,3,5,6,7-pentahydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-8-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-enyl) xanthone] (5) and four known xanthones: mangostanaxanthones I (1) and II (2), γ-mangostin (3), and mangostanaxanthone VII (4) were separated and characterized from the acetone fraction of Garcinia mangostana L., Clusiaceae (mangosteen) pericarps. Their structures were established based on various spectroscopic analyses in addition to HRMS and comparison with the literature. The α-amylase inhibitory potential of the isolated metabolites was evaluated. Compounds 1, 2, and 5 had the highest activity with % inhibition 72.5, 86.5, and 81.8, respectively compared to acarbose (97.1%, reference α-amylase inhibitor). The molecular docking study of the tested metabolites was estimated to shade up the rational explanation of the α-amylase inhibitory activity results. Moreover, the pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed using Swiss ADME. It is noteworthy that 1, 2, and 5 had similar binding poses as the X-ray crystal structure of acarbose, whereas the other metabolites possessed different binding mode that decreased their inhibitory capacity. Thus, these data reinforced the health benefit of mangosteen as an alternative medicine to help lowering the postprandial glucose absorption. Therefore, it could have a good potential for the treatment of diabetes.

ABSTRACT Cyperus rotundus L. (Suada, Sueda, family: Cyperaceae) is vastly spread in several world's subtropical and tropical regions. It had variable traditional uses and bioactivities. A new flavonol derivative: cyperaflavoside (myricetin 3,3',5'-trimethyl ether 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) and five flavonoids: vitexin, orientin, cinaroside, quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and myrcetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside were separated from the methanolic extract of C. rotundus aerial parts. Their structures were verified based on UV, IR, NMR (1D and 2D), HRESIMS, and comparison with literature. All metabolites were assessed for their 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory potential. All compounds possessed 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory potentials with IC50s 5.1, 4.5, 5.9, 4.0, 3.7, and 2.3 µM, respectively, in comparison to indomethacin (IC50 0.98 µM). These results supported the traditional uses of C. rotundus in treating inflammation and its related symptoms.

ABSTRACT A new ursane-type triterpene ester, plectraterpene [3β-(decanoyloxy)-19-hydroxy-urs-12-ene] and four known steroidal compounds have been isolated from the aerial parts of Plectranthus montanus Benth. (syn. Plectranthus cylindraceus Hochst. ex Benth.), Lamiaceae. The known compounds were stigmasterol, sitosteryl ferulate, cholest-5-en-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. Compounds plectraterpene, sitosteryl ferulate and stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside are reported for the first time from this plant whereas compound cholest-5-en-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside first time from the genus. The structures of these compounds were determined through spectral analysis, including extensive 2D NMR data as well as chemical methods and comparison with literature.

ABSTRACT A new isoflavonoid glycoside, iridin A (9), along with eight known isoflavonoids: irilone 4'-methyl ether (1), irilone (2), irisolidone (3), irigenin S (4), irigenin (5), irilone 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), iridin S (7), and iridin (8) were separated from Iris × germanica L., Iridaceae, rhizomes. The structural elucidation of these flavonoids was achieved with the aid of extensive spectroscopic techniques and comparing with the published data. They were estimated for their α-amylase and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitory capacities. Compounds 3, 5, and 9 showed α-amylase inhibitory activities with % inhibition 70.8, 67.5, and 70.5, respectively compared to acarbose (a reference α-amylase inhibitor). Moreover, 9 exhibited moderate antioxidant activity with IC50 8.91 µM.

ABSTRACT Phytochemical investigation of the MeOH extract of Cucumis melo L. var. reticulates, Cucurbitaceae, seeds led to the isolation of a new triterpenoid: cucumol A (27-hydroxy taraxerol-3β-ol), along with three known compounds: α-spinasterol and D:B-friedoolean-5-ene-3-β-ol. Their structures were established by extensive 1D (1H, 13C, and DEPT) and 2D (1H–1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) NMR, as well as IR and HRESIMS spectral analyses. Compound 3 displayed cytotoxic activity against L5178Y and Hela cancer cell lines with ED50 of 1.30 and 5.40 µg/ml, respectively compared to paclitaxel (0.07 and 0.92 µg/ml, respectively).

ABSTRACTA new phenylethyl chromenone, cucumin S [(R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-[1-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]chromone] (1), along with five known compounds: 5,7-dihydroxy-2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]chromone (2), 5,7-dihydroxy-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]chromone (3), luteolin (4), quercetin (5), and 7-glucosyloxy-5-hydroxy-2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]chromone (6) were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of Cucumis melo var. reticulatus Ser., Cucurbitaceae, seeds. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic means (1D and 2D NMR), as well as HRESIMS, optical rotation measurement, and comparison with literature data. The isolated compounds 1–6 were assessed for their antioxidant activity using DPPH assay. Compounds 3, 4, and 5 showed potent activities compared to propyl gallate at concentration 100 µM.